Pope Paul IV (1555–1559) was a Neapolitan named Gian Pietro Carafa, born on 1476 and successor of Marcellus II. First superior of the Theatines, he was sternly ascetic. A leading reformer, he organized the Inquisition set up by Paul III. As pope, he labored to purify the clergy and abolish corruption and worldliness from the papal curia, thus promoting reform. He repudiated the settlement between Mary I of England and Reginald Cardinal Pole, and he later declared Elizabeth I illegitimate and unfit to be queen. He was succeeded by Pius IV.